IDENTIFICATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS, TOTAL PHENOLIC COMPOUND CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF ACORUS CALAMUS L. LEAF AND RHIZOME EXTRACT

Abstract

Acorus calamus L. is one type of swamp plant that grows wild. Antioxidant potential and initial examination of chemical compound and total phenolic of Acorus calamus L. are important to study to estimate potential of these plants for various application. This study tested the potential of leaves and rhizome of Acorus calamus L. which were processed into extracts by maceration immersion method with ethanol 70% solvent. Identification of groups of chemical reactions and qualitative testing processes for several groups of chemical compounds. Determination of total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity test was carried out using DPPH method. The results showed that extraction of leaves and rhizomes of Acorus calamus L. yielded yields of 10.42 %(w/w) and 11.82 %(w/w), respectively. The chemical compounds identified in fresh Acorus calamus L. leaves were alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and phenolics, while in fresh Acorus calamus L. rhizome the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids and phenolics was identified. The total phenolic content of Acorus calamus L. leaves was measured 5.72% and that of Acorus calamus L. rhizome was 2.42%. Antioxidant activity of extract of Acorus calamus L. leaves was 137.39 mg/L and 96 mg/L for Acorus calamus L. rhizome. The conclusion of this study showed that leaves and rhizome of Acorus calamus L. have potential to be used as antioxidants with a higher value was in Acorus calamus L. rhizome which have strong potential of antioxidant activity.